Map of terrestrial ecoregions in Iran, showing the distribution of troglobiotic organisms (16 species). Map derived from WWF (Olson et al. 2001) and Safaei-Mahroo et al. (2015). 1 Loven Cave (Lorestan Province) (33°04'N, 48°35'E) Garra typhlops; G. lorestanensis; Paracobitis smithi 2 Gakal Cave (Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad Province) (30°18'N, 51°09'E) Protracheoniscus gakalicus; Trilacuna qarzi 3 Neyneh Cave (Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad Province) (30°40'N, 50°2'E) Chiraziulus troglopersicus 4 Belqais Spring (Kohgiloyeh and Boyer-Ahmad Province) (30°45'N, 50°44'E) Niphargus borisi 5 Alisadr Cave (Hamedan Province) (35°16'N, 48°17'E) Niphargus alisadri 6 Danial Cave (Mazandaran Province) (36°41'N, 50°53'E) Niphargus daniali 7 Cheshmeh Kahriz (Qanat) (East Azarbayjan Province) (38°41'N, 46°10'E) Niphargus khwarizmi 8 Ghoori-Ghaleh Cave (Kermanshah Province) (34°53'N, 46°30'E) Niphargus khayyami 9 unidentified cave near Ghaem Shahr (Mazandaran Province) Niphargus valachicus 10 Sarab-e- Bisitun (Kermanshah Province) (34°25'N, 47°28'E) Niphargus bisitunicus 11 Sarab-e-Robat (Lorestan Province) (33°35'N, 48°18'E) Niphargus sharifi 12 Dimeh Spring (Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province) (32°30'N, 50°13'E) Niphargus darvishi 13 Kangarshah Spring close to Sahneh City (Kermanshah Province) (34°36'N, 47°39'E) Niphargus kermanshahi.